Steam boiler used in tea factory
Many people across the world have with tea. After water, it’s the most popular beverage in the world. Today, it is the economic and social importance of tea production that is so significant. Tea was initially used as a medicine and subsequently as beverage and now has proven well to be a future potential as an important raw material for the pharmaceutical industry. Tea is mainly consumed in the form of ‘fermented tea’ or ‘black tea’. However, ‘non-fermented’ or ‘green tea’ and semi-fermented or ‘oolong tea’ are also popular in some countries e.g. Japan and China.
China, India and Sri Lanka are the major tea producing countries in Asia, while Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda are the major tea producers in Africa. There are also minor producing countries such as Nepal, Peru, Papua New Guinea, and Zimbabwe. Altogether there are 34 tea producing countries throughout the world.
In recent years, the tea industry has gradually promoted the use of steam heat for tea processing. In the processing of tea, the supply of heat sources(steam boiler) such as withering, killing, and drying. The temperature plays an important role in the drying process of tea leaves. Generally speaking, tea leaves are usually slowly dried in a low temperature method below 70 ° C in a drying room, and the temperature is about 50 ° C. In this case, the tea leaves are hot. It can be baked in 30 hours, and the temperature is 48-50 hours to achieve moderate dryness. Because tea leaves are sensitive to temperature and time, small differences can also lead to a world of difference in tea quality.
The process of withering involves partial removal of moisture from fresh leaf and is carried out in order to condition the leaf physically for subsequent processing. Withering uses around 40% of a factory’s total electricity consumption and over 50% of total thermal energy consumption (from boilers), making it the most energy intensive process in the tea factory.
Fermentation of the tea leaf is a very important process in Tea manufacture for briskness, strength, color and quality largely depend upon it. The duration of fermentation varies according to rise and fall of temperature.
Tea drying is the second most energy intensive process after withering. Around 40% of a factory’s heat requirements are required for tea drying and 20% of electricity requirements to power the large fans. After the requisite level of fermentation CTC leaf is transferred to the drying room where the leaf is fed on the trays of mechanical dryers and fermented leaf is fired at an inlet temperature of 200’F to 220’F to arrest fermentation process and to remove additional moisture present. The exhaust temperature being 120’F to 135’F.
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